Bhimrao Ambedkar (14 April 1891 – 6 December 1956) was a great reformer, jurist, economist, orator, and anthropologist. He is commonly known as the “Father of Constitution” of India. His ideologies and thoughts were the base of the Indian Constitution. His extraordinary personality was carrying a story of the struggles he has gone through in his childhood and young days. Let’s read the journey of his life and the courageous efforts he had taken for rebuilding India.
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Bhimrao Ramji Ambedkar was born on 14 April 1891 in Army Cantonment of Mhow, Maharashtra (currently in Madhya Pradesh). His Father Ramji Maloji Sakpal was a Subedar in the Indian Army and his mother Ramabai Sakpal was a homemaker. From childhood days he was counted as a bright student.
He belongs to the Mahar community that was considered an untouchable community at that time. The concept of untouchability affected his school days and college days. Even having a unique persona in studies he suffered discrimination and biased attitude of his teachers, school and college mates. But, these ups and downs in his life gave him strength and he never left his studies.
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Bhimrao Ambedkar was a gem of Modern History of India. He was a contributor to making the republic of India. In 1908, he completed his Matriculation from Elphinstone School. Due to his caliber, he got a chance to join Bombay University for his Bachelor’s. In 1912, he graduated in Economics and Political Science.
During his college studies, he got monthly scholarship of twenty-five rupees from the Ruler of Baroda. He utilized this amount for his further studies. In the year 1915, he completed his Master’s Degree from the University of Columbia and in the same year he submitted his thesis named ‘Ancient Indian Commerce’.
In 1921, he completed his Master’s Degree from the London School of Economics and submitted his thesis. He became the first Indian to gain a Doctorate Degree from abroad.
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Bhimrao Ambedkar was the first Law Minister of India. He was a strong social reformer and leader of various courageous movements against caste-system and women’s rights in India. His childhood phase was suppressed by the biased behavior towards him and his community on the basis of the cast. He faced strong discrimination on the basis of his caste and community.
In his school days, he was forced to sit on the floor, as according to his school authority he was considered as a boy from an untouchable community. He was not allowed to enter temples. These incidents force him to stand against the Caste System in India. He published his book ‘Annihilation of Caste’ where he strongly mentioned his points for liberty and emphasizes on the equal treatment of each and every community in India.
He launched the “Moonkaya” Newspaper highlighting the dark facts about the caste system in India. There were many incidents of his life where he felt that there is a strong change to be made in society.
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Bhimrao Ambedkar was a courageous lawyer. He got his legal degree (Degree in Law) from the Bar Course of Grey’s Inn. In 1919, he suggested a special electoral system for the marginalized caste of the society. He gave an idea of special reservation for the lower caste of the society. In 1920 once the influencer Shahu Ji-IV heard his speech.
He got impressed and asked him out for a meal together. This incident was highlighted and social extremists were astonished by the decision of Shahu-IV. Bhimrao Ambedkar was the framer of the Constitution of India. He drafted the Indian Constitution and submitted it to Rajendra Prasad (First President of India). He introduced the Spoke Wheel in the Indian national flag.
In 1927, he actively conducted various movements. The basic agenda of these movements was to avail pure drinking source for lower communities, to remove the prohibition of visiting temples for marginalized communities and to abolish symbolic representation for specific communities. These courageous movements were for social welfare.
He never thought about the pros and cons of these heavy steps, but for the society, he did this. In 1935, he signed ‘Poona Pact’ with Mahatma Gandhi on behalf of depressed communities of society. It was based on the special electoral rights of the special community of India.
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Bhimrao Ambedkar was born as Bhimrao Ramji Sakpal. His father changed his surname from Sakpal to Ambadawekar. This was based on his native place Ambadawe, later on, his teachers modified as Ambedkar. He opposes the theory of Aryan Invasion in India. In 1935 he was appointed as Principal of Government Law College, Bombay after serving for two glorious years, later on, he joined Ramjas College, University of Delhi as Principle.
Due to his social service and liberal ideology he was popularly known as ‘Babasaheb’. He was a follower of Lord Buddha and his way of living life. He is credited for converting 8,50,000 people into Buddhism. He wants to follow the Buddhist way of life. That is why he openly announced that he wants to convert his religion to Buddhism. His famous statement “Freedom of mind is real freedom” says that for getting freedom from any dictatorship it is necessary to break the traditional way of thinking.
He always wants to give priority to women in society. He said that “I measure the degree of progress of a community by a degree of progress a woman has achieved”. In 1948, Babasaheb was found with diabetes; after that his health becomes consistently deteriorated and on 6 December 1956 he took his last breath.
Babasaheb’s left his mortal body after finishing his manuscript of Buddha and Dhamma. He left a message for the world and he showed the path of equality. The legacy of Babasaheb continues in the contemporary world. For paying respect towards him, his statue is established on various public places, various villages and towns are established in the memory of his name.
FAQs: Frequently Asked Questions
Ans. Bhimrao Ambedkar was born on 14th April 1891.
Ans. Bhimrao Ambedkar was assigned the post of Law Minister in Independent India.
Ans. Bhimrao Ambedkar was the chairman of the Constitution Drafting Committee.
Ans. Mahaprinirvan Diwas is observed on the death anniversary of Bhimrao Ambedkar.