The National Constitution of India came into effect on 26th January 1950, thereby signifying the transition of India from a Dominion under the British Empire to a democratic republic. It is also the supreme law to govern the country. It cannot be overridden by any authority, not even the parliament of India.
Short and Long Paragraphs on National Constitution
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The constitution of India is the supreme law that governs the Republic of India. It assigns the power to all the stakeholders of a democratic system – the legislature, the judiciary, the executive, and also the people of India. Nobody, not also the Parliament of India has the power to override the Constitution.
The Constitution demarcates fundamental rights including other rights and privileges to the citizens of India. It also guarantees these fundamental rights and states that under no circumstances these rights could be taken away or suspended. The Constitution is the supreme governing document of the Republic of India.
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The Constitution of India is the supreme law governing the Republic of India. It is a book that describes the power vested on the three main pillars of democracy – the legislature, the executive and the judiciary. It is the longest handwritten constitution in the world. The original document was calligraphed by Prem Behari Narain Raizada.
Each page of the Constitution was decorated by the artists from Shantiniketan, in West Bengal and carries the excerpts of the religious and cultural heritage of India. Some of the notable artists who decorated the pages of the Indian Constitution were Rammanohar Sinha and Nandalal Bose. The publishing of the Constitution took place at Dehradun and it was photo lithographed by the Survey of India.
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The Constitution of India is the supreme law governing the nation. No law of the land is superior to the Constitution and not even the parliament has the power to override it. The Constitution of India was adopted by a Constituent Assembly.
The members of the Constituent Assembly were elected by the members of the State Legislative Assemblies. Initially, it consisted of 389 members, but the figure was reduced to 299, post the partition of India. After holding 11 sessions, spanning over 165 days, the committee was able to prepare the final draft of the Constitution after almost two years.
The Chairman of the Constitution drafting committee was Dr. Bhimrao Ramji Ambedkar (B.R. Ambedkar). On 26th November 1949, the Constitution was passed and adopted by the assembly. The three pillars of democracy – the executive, the legislature and the judiciary, receive their powers from the Constitution and are also bound to it.
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Indian Constituent Assembly adopted the Constitution of India on 26th November 1949, which thereafter, became effective from 26th January 1950. It is the supreme law governing the Republic of India. It consists of the guidelines for the functioning of various government institutions and appropriately divides power among them.
Constitution of India states in detail the powers vested on the three pillars of democracy – the legislature, the executive and the judiciary. It also elaborates on separate powers of the center and states.
Apart from stating the power of the functioning parts of the government, the Constitution also states the powers given to ordinary citizens. Indian Constitution has given the people of India, supremacy over the government with the right to franchise every five years. The people of India have been given the greatest power to change the government in case of unsatisfactory performance.
The Constitution also guarantees some basic fundamental rights to the citizens of India, they are right to equality, right to freedom of religion, cultural and educational rights, right to freedom, right to constitutional remedies and right against exploitation. These fundamental rights are guaranteed by the Constitution to the citizens and under no circumstance can they be changed or suspended.
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The Constitution of India is a document that lays down the powers and duties of the government institutions and also the rights and privileges of its citizens. All in all, it is the supreme book of law by which the nation is to be governed. The Constitution of India is also the longest handwritten constitution in the world. Dr. Bhimrao Ambedkar, who was the Chairman of the Constitution drafting committee, is also considered as the Chief Architect of the Constitution of India.
The Constitution of India is the supreme law of the land and cannot be overridden by the Parliament of India since it was created not by the Parliament but by a Constitution drafting committee. The constitution in its present form was adopted by the Constituent Assembly on 26th November 1949 and came into effect on 26th January 1950.
With the Constitution coming into force, the Dominion of India became the Republic of India. The Constitution also declares India as a socialist, sovereign, secular and democratic republic. The constitution also assures the citizens of India – justice, liberty, equality, and fraternity.
The original 1950 document of the Constitution has been preserved in a Helium filled case at the Parliament House.
During the 1976 emergency, words ‘socialist’ and ‘secular’, were included in the preamble to the constitution. Though the constitution cannot be overridden by the Parliament, it can make appropriate amendments to it in the interest of the citizens.
The Constitution has 448 Articles, sub-grouped into 25 parts. It further consists of 12 schedules and five appendices.
FAQs: Frequently Asked Questions
Ans. There are a total of 395 articles in the Indian Constitution.
Ans. There are 25 parts of the Indian constitution.
Ans. Indian constitution has 12 schedules.
Ans. 26th November is celebrated as constitution day.
Ans. The longest constitution in the world is the Indian constitution.